Adventures in English Literature, Laureate Edition
by J. B. Priestley and Josephine Spear
Harcourt, Brace and World, Inc., 1963

A Handbook to Literary Terms
complied by HL. Yelland, S.C. Jones & D.W.W. Easton
Hong Kong: The Writer, 1980

A Handbook to Literature
by C. Hugh Holman, The Odyssey Press,
Bobbs-Merrill Educational Publishing, 1978

Art and Craft of Poetry
by Lawrence John Zillman
The Macmillan Company, New York, 1966

A Glossary of Literary Terms, Fifth Edition
by M. H. Abrams, Cornell University
Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc., New York, 1988

Benét's Reader's Encyclopedia, Fourth Edition
Edited by Bruce Murphy
HarperCollins Publishers, Inc., New York, 1996

Current Literary Terms
by A. F. Scott, M.A.
St Martin's Press, New York, 1965

Currents in Poetry
by Richard Corbin, Hunter College High School
The Macmillan Company, New York, 1968

Doorways to Poetry
by Louis Untermeyer
Harcourt, Brace and Company, Inc., 1938

Figures of Speech
by Arthur Quinn
Gibbs M. Smith, Inc., Salt Lake City, 1982

Lyric Verse
The Odyssey Press, New York, 1962

Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, Tenth Edition
Merriam-Webster, Incorporated, Springfield, Massachusetts, U.S.A., 1994

Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of Literature
Merriam-Webster, Incorporated, Publishers, Springfield, MA, 1995

New Websters Dictionary of the English Language, Deluxe Encyclopedic Edition
Delair Publishing Company, 1984

Sound and Sense: An Introduction to Poetry
by Laurence Perrine, Southern Methodist University
Harcourt, Brace and Company, New York, 1956

The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Third Edition
Houghton Mifflin Company, 1992

The American People's Encyclopedia
Spencer Press, Inc., Chicago, 1957

The Complete Works of William Shakespeare
The Cambridge Edition Text, as edited by William Aldis Wright Garden City Books, Garden City, New York, 1936

The Concise Columbia Encyclopedia
Columbia University Press, 1995

The Experience of Literature
by Lionel Trilling, Columbia University
Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York, 1967

The New Century Book of Facts
The King-Richardson Company, Springfield, MA, 1912

The New Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics
Alex Preminger and T.V.F. Brogan, Co-Editors

The New York Public Library Desk Reference, Second Edition Prentice Hall General Reference, New York, 1993

The Norton Anthology of Poetry
W. W. Norton and Company, Inc., New York, 1965, 1970

The Norton Introduction to Literature - Poetry
Edited by J. Paul Hunter, Emory University
W. W. Norton and Company, Inc., New York, 1973

The Oxford English Dictionary
Oxford University Press, London, 1970

The Performing Voice in Literature
by Robert Beloof, University of California, Berkeley
Little, Brown and Company, Boston, Toronto, 1966

The Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1993
The Reader's Encyclopedia
Edited by William Rose Benét
Thomas Y. Crowell Company, New York, 1948

The Pursuit of Poetry
by Louis Untermeyer
Simon and Schuster, New York, 1969

Twelve Centuries of English Poetry and Prose
Selected and Edited by Alphonso Gerald Newcomber and Alice E. Andrews, Scott, Foresman and Company,
Chicago - New York, 1910

Webster's New Twentieth Century Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged
The Publishers Guild, New York, 1953